DNA is an abbreviation of DeoxyriboNucleic Acid.
It is the genetic 'blueprint' of all life on this planet.
This category contains information about forensic biology; more specifically, the genotyping or genetic typing of DNA.
DNA typing is often applied to Human Identification
which has also been called DNA Fingerprinting.
In the forensic community, this term generally refers to human DNA obtained from biological evidence.There may however be cases where DNA from other sources is under examination.
Introduction to the steps in DNA fingerprinting evidence gathering for law enforcement, and its application from Howstuffworks Inc., Raleigh, NC. www.howstuffworks.com/dna-evidence.htm
Short Tandem Repeat database for genetic mapping and identity testing, comprehensively explained and maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. www.cstl.nist.gov/div831/strbase
Interview in January 1995 discussing demographic frequency of alleles, and accuracy of PCR in law enforcement. Link to CNN report on OJ Simpson Trial, from expert witness Dr Bruce Weir, Professor of Statistics and Genetics, North Carolina State University www.accessexcellence.org/WN/NM/interview_dr_bruce_weir.html
Page of links on maths behind DNA identification and population genetics. Reports and biostatistics software from consultant in Oakland, CA. dna-view.com
Describes killer's identification, four years after the violent rape and murder of Hope Denise Hall in 1994, during random DNA search, conducted by forensic scientists in Petersburg, VA. www.hope-dna.com
Discussing the science behind DNA fingerprinting technology and its use inside the courtroom. Dolan DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. vector.cshl.org/general/search.pl?terms=Forensic
Data obtained in 2001 from 110 of the 120 estimated known DNA crime labs as collated, and compared with 1998, by Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, DC. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/sdnacl01.htm
Congressional Statement 2001, with link to previous years, by Forensic Analysis Branch, before the Subcommittee on Crime of the House Judiciary Committee, Washington, DC. www.fbi.gov/congress/congress01/dwight061201.htm
Seeking to maximize the value of forensic DNA evidence in the criminal justice system. Transcripts, publications, programs and what's new from the NIJ, Washington, DC. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/dna
Article presented in 1996, including estimation of error rates in forensic DNA laboratories and critique of NRC II, from law offices in Arlington, VA. www.dnalwyr.com
Explains history, privacy, security, statistics and case examples, with FAQ to justify the instigation of DNA fingerprinting upon conviction, for criminal records held in Ottawa, ON, Canada. www.nddb-bndg.org/main_e.htm
Report compares two proposals to expand the DNA Data Bank by indexing those offenders convicted of nonviolent felonies and less serious crimes by Office of Justice Systems Analysis, NY. criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/ojsa/exp_dna/index.htm
Article reviewing the forensic testing of DNA recovered from crime scenes, linking offenders to their crimes by referal to the State's DNA Data Bank by the Bureau of Research and Evaluation, NY. criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/ojsa/100_hits/index.htm
Resource aimed at attorneys, placing DNA testing in perspective. Search for expert witness, training, articles and bibliography from Richmond, CA. www.forensicdna.com/Consulting.htm
News story explaining why identification may takes weeks, in the case of Daniel Pearl after exuming a body in Karachi, Pakistan. - BBC, UK. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1994195.stm
Comprehensive resource covering forensic identification, arising from the human genome project, discussing accuracies, potential applications and databases such as the Combined DNA Index System. Maintained at Oak Ridge, TN. www.ornl.gov/../techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/forensics.shtml
Guidelines for collecting and submitting evidence in blood and saliva samples, quality assurance, statistics and links to participating states, from the Department of Justice, Washington, DC. www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/codis/index1.htm
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